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How To Install OpenVPN in FreeBSD

OpenVPN is a an open source software application that implements virtual private network (VPN) solutions for creating secure point-to-point or site-to-site connections in routed or bridged configurations and remote access facilities. OpenVPN uses SSL/TLS security for encryption and is capable of traversing network address translators and firewalls.

I. OpenVPN Server - Installation and Configuration

1. Installing OpenVPN Server

To install OpenVPN from FreeBSD ports, enter:

cd /usr/ports/security/openvpn
make install clean

2. Configuring OpenVPN Server

Create configuration directory and copy all OpenVPN configurations:

mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys
cp -R /usr/local/share/doc/openvpn/ /usr/local/etc/openvpn/
cd /usr/local/etc/openvpn

3. Generating Encryption Certificates

cd /usr/local/etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0
chmod +x *
sh
. ./vars
sh ./clean-all

Generate ca.key

sh ./build-ca

Generate server.key

sh ./build-key-server server

Generate "client1.key" for Client1

sh ./build-key client1

NOTE: If you want to create more clients, just repeat this step and make sure you enter a different "CommonName".

Generate DH parameters 1024 bit

sh ./build-dh

4. Finishing Setup

Copy all files in key directory to /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys

cp -R keys/* /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys

List all files in keys directory

ls -al /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys
total 46
drwxr-xr-x  2 root  wheel   512 May 22 15:02 .
drwxr-xr-x  6 root  wheel   512 May 22 14:41 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel  3883 May 22 15:02 01.pem
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel  3780 May 22 15:02 02.pem
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel  1233 May 22 15:02 ca.crt
-rw-------  1 root  wheel   887 May 22 15:02 ca.key
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel  3780 May 22 15:02 client1.crt
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel   725 May 22 15:02 client1.csr
-rw-------  1 root  wheel   887 May 22 15:02 client1.key
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel   245 May 22 15:02 dh1024.pem
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel   219 May 22 15:02 index.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel    21 May 22 15:02 index.txt.attr
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel    21 May 22 15:02 index.txt.attr.old
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel   106 May 22 15:02 index.txt.old
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel     3 May 22 15:02 serial
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel     3 May 22 15:02 serial.old
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel  3883 May 22 15:02 server.crt
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel   712 May 22 15:02 server.csr
-rw-------  1 root  wheel   891 May 22 15:02 server.key

Edit server.conf

cp /usr/local/share/doc/openvpn/sample-config-files/server.conf /usr/local/etc/openvpn/
vi /usr/local/etc/openvpn/server.conf

user root
port 1194
proto udp
mssfix 1400 # This setting fixed problems I was having with apps like Remote Desktop
dev tap

ca /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt
cert /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys/server.crt
key /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys/server.key # This file should be kept secret
dh /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys/dh1024.pem

server 192.168.254.0 255.255.255.0
#push "route-gateway 192.168.1.1" # push default gateway
#push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.254.1"
#push "route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.254.1"

ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt

keepalive 10 120
cipher BF-CBC        # Blowfish (default) encryption
comp-lzo
max-clients 10 # Assign the maximum number of clients here
persist-key
persist-tun
status /var/log/openvpn-status.log
log-append /var/log/openvpn.log
verb 3

#route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.254.2

Modify rc.conf

vi /etc/rc.conf

gateway_enable="YES"
openvpn_enable="YES"
openvpn_configfile="/usr/local/etc/openvpn/server.conf"
openvpn_if="tap"

Enable IP Forwarding

sysctl net.inet.ip.forwarding=1

Modify syslog.conf to support OpenVPN log

vi /etc/syslog.conf

### add the lines to the end of the config
!openvpn
.* /var/log/openvpn.log

Create openvpn.log and reload syslogd

touch /var/log/openvpn.log
killall -HUP syslogd

Starting OpenVPN Server

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/openvpn start

II. OpenVPN Client - Installation and Configuration

1. Installing OpenVPN Client

To install OpenVPN from FreeBSD ports, enter:

cd /usr/ports/security/openvpn
make install clean

2. Configuring OpenVPN Client and finishing setup

mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys

You have to transfer ca.crt, client1.crt, client1.key from the OpenVPN server and copy them in the /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys directory.

vi /usr/local/etc/openvpn/client.conf

client
dev tap
#tap-mtu 1500
mssfix 1400
proto udp
remote 1.2.3.4 1198 # replace 1.2.3.4 with IP Address of the OpenVPN server

nobind
#user openvpn
#group openvpn
persist-key
persist-tun
ca /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt
cert /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys/client1.crt
key /usr/local/etc/openvpn/keys/client1.key
#cipher BF-CBC
comp-lzo
verb 3
mute 20
status /var/log/openvpn-status.log
log-append /var/log/openvpn.log

#route 192.168.254.3 255.255.255.255 192.168.254.1

Modify rc.conf

vi /etc/rc.conf

openvpn_enable="YES"
openvpn_configfile="/usr/local/etc/openvpn/client.conf"
openvpn_if="tap"

Modify syslog.conf to support OpenVPN log

vi /etc/syslog.conf

### add the lines to the end of the config
!openvpn
.* /var/log/openvpn.log

Create openvpn.log and reload syslogd

touch /var/log/openvpn.log
killall -HUP syslogd

Starting OpenVPN Client

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/openvpn start

III. Testing the VPN connection

Test connection from the server:

[root@server ~]# ping 192.168.254.2
PING 192.168.254.2 (192.168.254.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.254.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=85.5 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.254.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=83.3 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.254.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=93.3 ms

--- 192.168.254.2 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 199ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 83.363/87.420/93.347/4.298 ms

Test connection from the client:

root@client:~ # ping 192.168.254.1
PING 192.168.254.1 (192.168.254.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.254.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=91.550 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.254.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=91.261 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.254.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=88.179 ms

--- 192.168.254.1 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 88.179/90.330/91.550/1.526 ms